If I wanted to print this item as fast as possible. What kind of settings would I change and still get a functional machine? What size nozzle?
http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1385312
Fast as possible inherently won’t look good. Since this model will have lots of perimeters, you can speed up everything else and print the outer perimeters slow for a good finish. That’s the best I can recommend. Any nozel should work fine, but I’d use a 0.4 at 0.2 layers.
24 century replicator… Those are pretty fast. I saw one working on TV… 
With what ever size nozzle you use I would not recommend using layers thicker than 0.2. It will put ridges in your rounded troughs. Also if you try to print it too fast you will likely trigger a skip and waste a lot of print time…
Currently on my third try and I’m slowing it down.
I printed one at 50m/s, 25% infill, .2 layers with .4 jhead and I was pleased with the results. Check it out: http://www.thingiverse.com/make:253024. Still took a while to print (around 20hrs). I was thinking of redesigning the top to add a motor and possibly a proximity sensor so that when you get close to it, it will start moving. 
@Darryl_Thierry very nice. I think there is a remix with a motir